用Django快速搭建一個簡易Blog API並運用Docker佈署到GCP上

Project Tech Stack

Backend	Frontend	Database	Cloud	Other
Django4	Bootstrap4	MySQL	GCP	Docker

第一次使用Django就上手

安裝django

pip3 install django

開啟新項目

django-admin startproject [mysite]
cd [mysite]
python manage.py runserver

創建程式

python manage.py startapp [blog]

項目功能圖示

首頁

登入

登入狀態可新增文章

新增文章

查看/編輯/刪除文章

使用Docker佈署Django到GCP上(Ubuntu20.04)

安裝docker

官方安裝參考

學習參考

一鍵安裝shell

$ cat <<"EOF" | bash                              
sudo apt update && \
sudo apt install apt-transport-https ca-certificates curl gnupg-agent software-properties-common -y && \
sudo apt-get remove docker  docker.io containerd runc -y && \
curl -fsSL https://download.docker.com/linux/ubuntu/gpg | sudo apt-key add - && \
sudo add-apt-repository "deb [arch=amd64] https://download.docker.com/linux/ubuntu $(lsb_release -cs) stable" && \
sudo apt update && \
sudo apt install docker-ce docker-ce-cli containerd.io -y
EOF

檢查docker運行情形

$ sudo docker run hello-world

安装 gcloud CLI

官方安裝參考

學習參考

方法1

$ sudo apt update
$ sudo apt install apt-transport-https ca-certificates gnupg
$ curl https://packages.cloud.google.com/apt/doc/apt-key.gpg | sudo apt-key add -
$ echo "deb https://packages.cloud.google.com/apt cloud-sdk main" | sudo tee -a /etc/apt/sources.list.d/google-cloud-sdk.list
$ sudo apt update
$ sudo apt install google-cloud-sdk

方法2

$ sudo snap install google-cloud-sdk --classic

執行登入並選擇專案

$ cd google-cloud-sdk/bin
$ sudo gcloud init
$ gcloud auth login

建立並執行Docker file

Docker file學習參考

$ mkdir -p nginx-image; cd nginx-image;touch Dockerfile
$ vim Dockerfile

#docker file
FROM python:3
ENV PYTHONUNBUFFERED 1
RUN mkdir /django-files
WORKDIR /django-files
RUN git clone [git respo url]
RUN pip install Django
RUN pip install mysqlclient
ENTRYPOINT python Django-blog-api/mysite/manage.py runserver 0.0.0.0:80

$ sudo docker build --no-cache . -t [image name]

查看docker image

$ sudo docker image ls

將Docker image上傳到GCP Container Registry

> > docker tag SOURCE_IMAGE HOSTNAME/PROJECT-ID/TARGET-IMAGE:TAG
$ sudo docker tag blog asia.gcr.io/djangopraticeblog/blog

> > docker push HOSTNAME/PROJECT-ID/IMAGE:TAG
$ sudo docker push asia.gcr.io/djangopraticeblog/blog

ISSUE:[unauthorized] You don't have the needed permissions to perform this operation, and you may have invalid credentials. To authenticate your request, follow the steps in: https://cloud.google.com/container-registry/docs/advanced-authentication

$ gcloud auth configure-docker
$ export PATH=$PATH:/lib/google-cloud-sdk/bin
$ gcloud auth print-access-token |sudo docker login -u oauth2accesstoken --password-stdin https://asia.gcr.io

建立及push Docker MySQL

$ sudo docker pull mysql:8
$ sudo docker images 

$ sudo docker tag mysql:8 asia.gcr.io/djangopraticeblog/mysql:8
$ sudo docker push asia.gcr.io/djangopraticeblog/mysql:8

新增MySQL執行個體並使用Docker image

ssh 連線測試及檢查資料庫

$ docker ps
$ docker exec -i -t 2c5fe59531e7 /bin/bash
# mysql -u root -p
mysql> show databases;

新增Web API執行個體並使用Docker image

一樣要打開http與https ssh測試Django運行

$ docker ps
$ docker exec -i -t 3579c277f5f7 /bin/bash
# ls
# cd Django-blog-api/
# cd mysite/
# python manage.py runserver

若有報錯要修改python檔(修改前記得安裝vim)

# apt-get upgrade
# apt-get update
# apt-get install vim

更改資料庫連線(host使用內部IP) 設定ALLOW HOST(外部IP) 遷移資料庫結構

# python manage.py migrate

若要使用create article時記得要新增tag類別 建立使用者

# python manage.py createsuperuser

使用外部IP測試連線