GA_rediscover.py

"""
Created on Sat May 23 18:17:31 2020

    celebx       = 'CC1=CC=C(C=C1)C2=CC(=NN2C3=CC=C(C=C3)S(=O)(=O)N)C(F)(F)F' 
    tiotixene    = 'CN1CCN(CC1)CCC=C2C3=CC=CC=C3SC4=C2C=C(C=C4)S(=O)(=O)N(C)C'
    Troglitazone = 'CC1=C(C2=C(CCC(O2)(C)COC3=CC=C(C=C3)CC4C(=O)NC(=O)S4)C(=C1O)C)C'

@author: akshat
"""
import selfies
import numpy as np 
import random
from rdkit.Chem import MolFromSmiles as smi2mol
from rdkit.Chem import MolToSmiles as mol2smi
from rdkit import Chem
from rdkit.Chem import AllChem
from rdkit.DataStructs.cDataStructs import TanimotoSimilarity
from selfies import encoder, decoder 
from rdkit import RDLogger
RDLogger.DisableLog('rdApp.*')

def get_ECFP4(mol):
    ''' Return rdkit ECFP4 fingerprint object for mol

    Parameters: 
    mol (rdkit.Chem.rdchem.Mol) : RdKit mol object  

    Returns: 
    rdkit ECFP4 fingerprint object for mol
    '''
    return AllChem.GetMorganFingerprint(mol, 2)



def sanitize_smiles(smi):
    '''Return a canonical smile representation of smi
    
    Parameters:
    smi (string) : smile string to be canonicalized 
    
    Returns:
    mol (rdkit.Chem.rdchem.Mol) : RdKit mol object                          (None if invalid smile string smi)
    smi_canon (string)          : Canonicalized smile representation of smi (None if invalid smile string smi)
    conversion_successful (bool): True/False to indicate if conversion was  successful 
    '''
    try:
        mol = smi2mol(smi, sanitize=True)
        smi_canon = mol2smi(mol, isomericSmiles=False, canonical=True)
        return (mol, smi_canon, True)
    except:
        return (None, None, False)

def mutate_selfie(selfie, max_molecules_len, write_fail_cases=False):
    '''Return a mutated selfie string (only one mutation on slefie is performed)
    
    Mutations are done until a valid molecule is obtained 
    Rules of mutation: With a 50% propbabily, either: 
        1. Add a random SELFIE character in the string
        2. Replace a random SELFIE character with another
    
    Parameters:
    selfie            (string)  : SELFIE string to be mutated 
    max_molecules_len (int)     : Mutations of SELFIE string are allowed up to this length
    write_fail_cases  (bool)    : If true, failed mutations are recorded in "selfie_failure_cases.txt"
    
    Returns:
    selfie_mutated    (string)  : Mutated SELFIE string
    smiles_canon      (string)  : canonical smile of mutated SELFIE string
    '''
    valid=False
    fail_counter = 0
    chars_selfie = get_selfie_chars(selfie)
    
    while not valid:
        fail_counter += 1
                
        alphabet = list(selfies.get_semantic_robust_alphabet()) # 34 SELFIE characters 

        choice_ls = [1, 2] # 1=Insert; 2=Replace; 3=Delete
        random_choice = np.random.choice(choice_ls, 1)[0]
        
        # Insert a character in a Random Location
        if random_choice == 1: 
            random_index = np.random.randint(len(chars_selfie)+1)
            random_character = np.random.choice(alphabet, size=1)[0]
            
            selfie_mutated_chars = chars_selfie[:random_index] + [random_character] + chars_selfie[random_index:]

        # Replace a random character 
        elif random_choice == 2:                         
            random_index = np.random.randint(len(chars_selfie))
            random_character = np.random.choice(alphabet, size=1)[0]
            if random_index == 0:
                selfie_mutated_chars = [random_character] + chars_selfie[random_index+1:]
            else:
                selfie_mutated_chars = chars_selfie[:random_index] + [random_character] + chars_selfie[random_index+1:]
                
        # Delete a random character
        elif random_choice == 3: 
            random_index = np.random.randint(len(chars_selfie))
            if random_index == 0:
                selfie_mutated_chars = chars_selfie[random_index+1:]
            else:
                selfie_mutated_chars = chars_selfie[:random_index] + chars_selfie[random_index+1:]
                
        else: 
            raise Exception('Invalid Operation trying to be performed')

        selfie_mutated = "".join(x for x in selfie_mutated_chars)
        sf = "".join(x for x in chars_selfie)
        
        try:
            smiles = decoder(selfie_mutated)
            mol, smiles_canon, done = sanitize_smiles(smiles)
            if len(selfie_mutated_chars) > max_molecules_len or smiles_canon=="":
                done = False
            if done:
                valid = True
            else:
                valid = False
        except:
            valid=False
            if fail_counter > 1 and write_fail_cases == True:
                f = open("selfie_failure_cases.txt", "a+")
                f.write('Tried to mutate SELFIE: '+str(sf)+' To Obtain: '+str(selfie_mutated) + '\n')
                f.close()
    
    return (selfie_mutated, smiles_canon)


def get_selfie_chars(selfie):
    '''Obtain a list of all selfie characters in string selfie
    
    Parameters: 
    selfie (string) : A selfie string - representing a molecule 
    
    Example: 
    >>> get_selfie_chars('[C][=C][C][=C][C][=C][Ring1][Branch1_1]')
    ['[C]', '[=C]', '[C]', '[=C]', '[C]', '[=C]', '[Ring1]', '[Branch1_1]']
    
    Returns:
    chars_selfie: list of selfie characters present in molecule selfie
    '''
    chars_selfie = [] # A list of all SELFIE sybols from string selfie
    while selfie != '':
        chars_selfie.append(selfie[selfie.find('['): selfie.find(']')+1])
        selfie = selfie[selfie.find(']')+1:]
    return chars_selfie


def get_reward(selfie_A_chars, selfie_B_chars): 
    '''Return the levenshtein similarity between the selfies characters in 'selfie_A_chars' & 'selfie_B_chars'

    
    Parameters:
    selfie_A_chars (list)  : list of characters of a single SELFIES
    selfie_B_chars (list)  : list of characters of a single SELFIES
    
    Returns:
    reward (int): Levenshtein similarity between the two SELFIES
    '''
    reward = 0
    iter_num = max(len(selfie_A_chars), len(selfie_B_chars)) # Larger of the selfie chars to iterate over 

    for i in range(iter_num): 
        
        if i+1 > len(selfie_A_chars) or i+1 > len(selfie_B_chars): 
            return reward
            
        if selfie_A_chars[i] == selfie_B_chars[i]: 
            reward += 1
            
    return reward

# Executable code for EXPERIMENT C (Three different choices): 

# TIOTOXENE RUN
# N                  = 20  # Number of runs
# simlr_path_collect = []
# svg_file_name      = 'Tiotixene_run.svg'
# starting_mol_name  = 'Tiotixene'
# data_file_name     = '20_runs_data_Tiotixene.txt'
# starting_smile     = 'CN1CCN(CC1)CCC=C2C3=CC=CC=C3SC4=C2C=C(C=C4)S(=O)(=O)N(C)C'
# show_gen_out       = False
# len_random_struct  = len(get_selfie_chars(encoder(starting_smile))) # Length of the starting SELFIE structure

# CELECOXIB RUN
# N                  = 20  # Number of runs
# simlr_path_collect = []
# svg_file_name      = 'Celecoxib_run.svg'
# starting_mol_name  = 'Celecoxib'
# data_file_name     = '20_runs_data_Celecoxib.txt'
# starting_smile     = 'CC1=CC=C(C=C1)C2=CC(=NN2C3=CC=C(C=C3)S(=O)(=O)N)C(F)(F)F' 
# show_gen_out       = False
# len_random_struct  = len(get_selfie_chars(encoder(starting_smile))) # Length of the starting SELFIE structure

# Troglitazone RUN
N                  = 20  # Number of runs
simlr_path_collect = []
svg_file_name      = 'Troglitazone_run.svg'
starting_mol_name  = 'Troglitazone'
data_file_name     = '20_runs_data_Troglitazone.txt'
starting_smile     = 'CC1=C(C2=C(CCC(O2)(C)COC3=CC=C(C=C3)CC4C(=O)NC(=O)S4)C(=C1O)C)C'
show_gen_out       = False
len_random_struct  = len(get_selfie_chars(encoder(starting_smile))) # Length of the starting SELFIE structure

for i in range(N): 
    print('Run number: ', i)
    with open(data_file_name, 'a') as myfile:
        myfile.write('RUN {} \n'.format(i))
        
    # celebx = 'CC1=CC=C(C=C1)C2=CC(=NN2C3=CC=C(C=C3)S(=O)(=O)N)C(F)(F)F' 
    starting_selfie = encoder(starting_smile)
    starting_selfie_chars = get_selfie_chars(starting_selfie)
    max_molecules_len = len(starting_selfie_chars)
    

    # Random selfie initiation: 
    alphabet = list(selfies.get_semantic_robust_alphabet()) # 34 SELFIE characters 
    selfie = ''
    for i in range(random.randint(1, len_random_struct)): # max_molecules_len = max random selfie string length 
        selfie = selfie + np.random.choice(alphabet, size=1)[0]
    starting_selfie = [selfie]
    print('Starting SELFIE: ', starting_selfie)
    
    generation_size = 500
    num_generations = 10000
    save_best = []
    simlr_path = []
    reward_path = []
    
    # Initial set of molecules 
    population = np.random.choice(starting_selfie, size=500).tolist() # All molecules are in SELFIES representation
    
    
    for gen_ in range(num_generations): 
        
        # Calculate fitness for all of them 
        fitness = [get_reward(starting_selfie_chars, get_selfie_chars(x)) for x in population]
        fitness = [float(x)/float(max_molecules_len) for x in fitness] # Between 0 and 1 

        # Keep the best member & mutate the rest 
        #    Step 1: Keep the best molecule
        best_idx = np.argmax(fitness)
        best_selfie = population[best_idx]
        
        # Diplay some Outputs: 
        if show_gen_out:
            print('Generation: {}/{}'.format(gen_, num_generations))
            print('    Top fitness: ', fitness[best_idx])
            print('    Top SELFIE: ', best_selfie)
        with open(data_file_name, 'a') as myfile:
            myfile.write('    SELFIE: {} FITNESS: {} \n'.format(best_selfie, fitness[best_idx]))

        
        #    Maybe also print the tanimoto score: 
        mol = Chem.MolFromSmiles(decoder(best_selfie))
        target = Chem.MolFromSmiles(starting_smile)
        fp_mol = get_ECFP4(mol)
        fp_target = get_ECFP4(target)
        score = TanimotoSimilarity(fp_mol, fp_target)
        
        simlr_path.append(score)
        reward_path.append(fitness[best_idx])
        save_best.append(best_selfie)
        
        #    Step 2: Get mutated selfies 
        new_population = []
        for i in range(generation_size-1): 
            # selfie_mutated, _ = mutate_selfie(best_selfie, max_molecules_len, write_fail_cases=True)
            selfie_mutated, _ = mutate_selfie(best_selfie, len_random_struct, write_fail_cases=True) # 100 == max_mol_len allowen in mutation
            new_population.append(selfie_mutated)
        new_population.append(best_selfie)
    
        # Define new population for the next generation 
        population = new_population[:]
        if score >= 1: 
            print('Limit reached')
            simlr_path_collect.append(simlr_path)
            break


import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
x = [i+1 for i in range(max([len(x) for x in simlr_path_collect]))]

plt.style.use(u'classic')
plt.plot(x, [1.2 for _ in range(len(x))], marker='', color='white', linewidth=4) # axis line
plt.plot(x, [1 for _ in range(len(x))], '--', color='orange', linewidth=2.5, label='Rediscovery') # Highlight line

colors = plt.cm.Blues
profiles = 20
color_shift = 0.4
color_values = [ni/profiles + color_shift for ni in range(profiles)]
for ni in range(len(color_values)):
    if color_values[ni] < 0.2:
        color_values[ni] -= 1
cm = [colors(x) for x in color_values]


for i,simlr_path in enumerate(simlr_path_collect): 
    plt.plot([i+1 for i in range(len(simlr_path))], simlr_path, marker='', color=cm[i], linewidth=2.5, alpha=0.5)
plt.title('Rediscovering '+starting_mol_name, fontsize=20, fontweight=0, color='black', loc='left')


plt.xlabel('Generation')
plt.ylabel('ECPF4 Similarity')
plt.savefig('Celecoxib_run.png', dpi=196, bbox_inches='tight')

plt.show()